There are multiple classes of weapons, they go with the perspective talents. However you are not limited to only using Short Swords if you take the Short Sword Talent as a example. If you have the strength required to use weapons, you can equip them!
Short Swords Dagger
Main Gauche - Level 10 Required - Strength 31 Required
Gladius - Level 20 Required - Strength 57 Required
Falchion - Level 40 Required - Strength 78 Required
Long Swords Long Sword - Strength 18 Required
Scimitar - Level 10 Required - Strength 31 Required
Broadsword - Level 20 Required - Strength 57 Required
Bastard Sword - Level 30 Required - Strength 70 Required
Claymore - Level 40 Required - Strength 80 Required
Great Sword - Level 50 Required - Strength 90 Required
Flamberge - Level 60 Required - Strength 100 Required
Giant Sword - Level 75 Required - Strength 130 Required
Fencing Rapier - Strength 31 Required
Esterk - Level 20 Required - Strength 44 Required
Sabre - Level 30 Required - Strength 78 Required
Axes Light Axe - Strength 18 Required
Tomahawk - Level 10 Required - Strength 31 Required
Saxon Axe - Level 20 Required - Strength 44 Required
Double Axe - Level 30 Required - Strength 57 Required
War Axe - Level 45 Required - Strength 83 Required
Golden Axe - Level 55 Required - Strength 122 Required
Battle Axe - Level 75 Required - Strength 169 Required
Hammers Mallet - Level 10 Required - Strength 57 Required
War Hammer - Level 45 Required - Strength 135 Required
Battle Hammer - Level 60 Required - Strength 174 Required
Barbarian Hammer - Level 80 Required - Strength 195 Required
Archery Short Bow - Strength 39
Long Bow - Level 35 Required - Strength 52 Required
Composite Bow - Level 45 Required - Strength 65 Required
Direction Bow - Level 60 Required - Strength 104 Required
Wands Magic Wand MS0 - Used to cast spells from Spellbook
Magic Wand MS10 - Level 15 - Used to cast spells from Spellbook - Mana Save 10%
Magic Wand MS20 - Level 35 - Used to cast spells from Spellbook - Mana Save 20%